Merck, the Fda, and the Vioxx Recall Essay - 1113 Words

Do you believe that Merck acted in a socially responsible and ethical manner with regard to Vioxx? Why or why not? In your answer, please address the company’s drug development and testing, marketing and advertising, relationships with government regulators and policymakers, and handling of the recall. No, Merck didn’t act in a corporate social responsibility in regards to Vioxx. Corporate social responsibility means that a corporation should act in a way that enhances society and its inhabitants and be held accountable for any of its actions that affect people, their communities, and their environment. Over a five year period from 1999 to 2004 over 139,000 people in the United States has had a heart attack or stroke as a result of†¦show more content†¦For example, the state of Texas has sued Merck for violating its Medicaid fraud law and demands $168 million from the company. What should or could Merck have done differently, if anything? It appears that Mercks executives either forgot to follow or chose to ignore George W. Mercks advice when they made decisions regarding Vioxx. In our free-enterprise system, the basic purpose of a company should be to satisfy its target customers needs and wants effectively, competitively, ethically, socially responsibly, and profitably. Companies express this idea through different words in order to fit their particular business situations. What is the best way for society to protect consumers of prescription medicines? Specifically, what are the appropriate roles for pharmaceutical companies, government regulators and policymakers, patients and their physicians, and the court system in assuring the safety and effectiveness of prescription medicines? Although a successful business must be a profitable one, the corporate behavior of maximizing profit at the expense of ethics and social responsibility is highly objectionable and should be discouraged. The Vioxx recall case is a perfect example. A business must carefully balance profit and social responsibility. When business executives fail to maintain this balance and seek undeserved or excessive profit, problems will occur. Such problems frequently cause severe damage to bothShow MoreRelatedThe Vioxx Recall - Merck and FDA2585 Words   |  11 PagesCentral Problem In the Merck, the FDA, and the Vioxx Recall case study, the question as to whether or not Merck conducted itself in a socially responsible and ethical manner with regard to Vioxx is the central problem we will examine in this case. Many argue that the sole problem lies within the pharmaceutical company Merck and Co., Inc., and while that may in fact be the case, other parties such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can be held responsible as well. Merck a â€Å"research driven† pharmaceuticalRead MoreMerck, the Fda and the Vioxx Recall Essay728 Words   |  3 PagesMerck, the FDA, and the Vioxx Recall 1. Do you believe that Merck acted in a socially responsible and ethical manner with regard to Vioxx? Why or Why not? In your answer, please address the company’s drug development and testing, marketing and advertising, relationships with government regulators and policymakers, and handling of the recall. I do not believe that Merck made a socially responsible decision when Vioxx was introduced into the pharmaceutical market. Scientists that were involvedRead MoreMerck : An Ethical And Socially Responsible Drug Manufacturer1453 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1 Merck was known as an ethical and socially responsible drug manufacturer. Back in 1950, George W. Merck, CEO, said, â€Å"We try never to forget that medicine is for the people. It is not for the profits† (Lawrence Weber, 2014). Merck was also known for research and innovation in developing new drugs as well as their philanthropic efforts. This was a company that had built its success on a solid reputation of being an ethical and socially responsible organization. The Vioxx case is evidenceRead MoreMerck : A Product Recall843 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Product recall involving the Drug Company known as Merck, who produced the drug Vioxx use to treat osteoarthritis, and acute pain in adults. Looking at the relationships Merck had with government and lobbyist one can see what actions the drug company may have taken to lead them to this recall. In Addition, This paper will look at the actions Merck took in the approval process and recall of their drug. Using all information pro vided on this case this paper will decide whether Merck was ethicallyRead MoreMerck Vioxx Recall1169 Words   |  5 PagesMerck, the FDA, and the VIOXX Recall MBA 520-D4C2 Ethics Leadership in a Global Environment April 22, 2012 Merck and Vioxx Recall Did Merck act in social and ethical manner? In 2005, Merck was ranked fourth in sales among pharmaceutical companies. Merck had released the drug Vioxx, for treating Osteoarthritis in late 1990. Merck as a company has a reputation of being one of the most ethical andRead MoreEssay on Case Study: Merck Company: the Vioxx Recall2018 Words   |  9 PagesRunning head: CASE STUDY: MERCK COMPANY: THE VIOXX RECALL Merck Company: The Vioxx Recall Albert Balogun California Baptist University BUS 520A: Managerial Ethics Jim Bishop, PhD June 30, 2010 Merck Company: The Vioxx Recall The issues involved in Merck, a pharmaceutical manufacturing company’s recall of one its products, Vioxx, is the effect of direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising of prescription drug on the society publicRead MoreMerck : A Successful And Reputable Pharmaceutical Company3183 Words   |  13 Pages â€Æ' Background on the Case Study For years, Merck had been a successful and reputable pharmaceutical company that was known for its high-quality products and world-class research centres, and was often regarded in a good light compared to its less favourable competitors. However, all this fell apart in the early 2000s with the recall of the company’s â€Å"blockbuster† drug â€Å"Viroxx.† It was meant to act similar to ibuprofen in ways that it cured osteoarthritis and acute pain, but was withdrawn in 2004Read MorePharmaceutical Industry and Drug Essay2404 Words   |  10 Pagesbalance, do you think Merck is an ethical and socially responsible company? Why or why not? How about Pfizer? In my opinion, Merck is not an ethical and socially responsible company with introducing Vioxx into pharmaceutical market. Before the Vioxx approval by FDA, scientists from University of Pennsylvania found that the drug could bring some serious results such as cardiovascular, and there were many serious cardiovascular problems during testing on patients. However, Merck ignored these negativeRead MoreMerc Vioxx Case3187 Words   |  13 PagesMerck and the Recall of Vioxx Florence N. Wandera MGT 600 – Corporate Responsibility Bus Law Merck and the Recall of Vioxx Case Summary Merck Co. Inc. is a global research-driven pharmaceutical company that develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of human health products. One such product is Vioxx, developed in 1994 and approved on May 21, 1999 by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by arthritisRead MoreEssay about Business Analysis: Merck Co. 1383 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Since its humble beginning as a small drugstore, Merck has placed a large amount of importance on improving the health and well-being of its customers. As drug patents expire and genetic forms of their top products become available, Merck’s strategy is to do the unexpected; instead of raising the price of their older products in favor of patent protected new drugs, Merck focuses on reducing their cost in order to better compete with their generic counterparts. Additionally, Merck’s

Controversial Topic of Same-Sex Marriage - 797 Words

On March 15, 2013, the Congressional Quarterly Researcher (CQR) issued a report covering the issue of gay marriage. In their article, Gay Marriage, the CQR discusses the controversy of curbs on same-sex marriage, as well as if the Supreme Court will end these curbs. Within this larger controversy of same-sex marriage, the CQR points out four issues dealing with the topic at hand. The first issue questions whether the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) improperly denies federal benefits to same sex couples. Another issue covered in the report is if California voters violated the Constitution by passing Proposition 8. A further topic at hand is if legalizing same-sex marriage would hurt traditional marriage. The last issue is if the Supreme Court should recognize a constitutional right for same-sex couples to marry. In the history of the controversy, many events and developments led to where the situation is today. For example, in 1993, the Supreme Court in Hawaii questioned the ban on sam e-sex marriage, causing a nationwide debate. This was the beginning of debating the rights of same-sex couples. Before 1993, no state Supreme Court had ever outwardly doubted the ban on same-sex marriage. Then on September 21, 1996, the Federal Defense of Marriage Act was signed and put into law. This law requires that the federal government does not treat married same-sex couples the same as married opposite-sex couples. Same-sex couple benefits of marriage were limited compared to theirShow MoreRelatedSame Sex Marriage Should Be A Controversial Topic849 Words   |  4 PagesSame sex relationships can be a very controversial topic. For many decades people have felt offended when they see same sex couples holding hands on the street, or kissing each other in public. These people have insulted or even physically assaulted homosexuals with no compassion. Same sex couples should have the freedom to love and make their own decisions when it comes to choosing their partners like any o ther person. We should be able to respect other people’s opinions, stop judging othersRead Moreâ€Å"Same-Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized† Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesFinal Draft: Essay 3. â€Å"Same-Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized†. July 18th 2012. Same-Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized. As we know, same-sex marriage has been discussed and argued for a long time. Within the controversial topic of gay rights, there’s no area more controversial than same-sex marriage. And all of us ask ourselves if same-sex marriage should be legal or not. But the fact is that we have to start thinking about it as a moral and religious topic. The government shouldn’tRead MoreMedia Analysis of a Current Controversial Issue875 Words   |  4 Pages Homosexuality is the current controversial issue that has hit the media. One cannot avoid the topic of homosexuality in the news, movies, books, social media, newspapers, and even in politics. Homosexuality has become a controversial issue around the globe today. After Uganda outlawed homosexuality in its country, the topic has been trending everywhere in the mainstream media, and the social media. Some nations like the US have legalized homosexuality and this is why there has been uproar afterRead More500 Word Essay on a Kind Thing I Did for Someone630 Words   |  3 Pages5150 Mr. Padilla English 101 5 December 2012 Argument Essay The topic of gay marriage has always been controversial. Anytime the idea of same sex couples being allowed to marry is brought up there’s almost always an argument started. It’s viewed by many as wrong and many think it should remain illegal, but why? If two people are happy, no matter the gender, why should anything stop them from marrying? Male and female, male and male, or female and female, it shouldn’t matter; if they’re happyRead MoreGay And Same Sex Marriage963 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of gay (or same-sex) marriage has been a controversial topic throughout the nation for many years. Like most issues, different people have opposite views on the idea of the subject. Some states governments support the idea while others are totally against it. Also, within each individual state there are people that have their own opinion of the issue. Both supporters and opponents within the states have tried to pass different amendments to established laws, in which reflect their viewsRead MoreSame Sex Marriage And Marriage948 Words   |  4 PagesSame-sex marriage and same-sex parenting are comparatively new controversial topics in today’s world and its â€Å"mainstream† morality. I was not exposed to any homosexual â€Å"lifestyle† while growing up. I know that I am strongly traditional in my theological views, nevertheless, I vigorously believe that traditional marriage and parenting are devotional commitments between a man and a woman. Therefore, same-sex marriage and parenting are to me, issues of a society with strong traditional cultural identitiesRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Our Society1301 Words   |  6 Pages(Show clips from Joey, Connor, Ingrid, Troye and Hannah’s coming out videos) (Black out) These people are highly respected by this, the social media generation. They are role models and yet, they do not have the same rights as many others. They cannot marry the ones they love. (Cut to me) Harper Lee wrote it well, you never truly understand a person until you climb inside his skin and walk around in it. Imagine the whole world was flipped, and being homosexual was the norm and heterosexuality wasRead MoreEssay on Marriage Equailty for the LGBT Community1554 Words   |  7 Pagescommunity, as it pertains to human rights, equality, and particularly, marriage equality. Each individual has their own perception on marriage equality, whether it is based on moral basis, or on a humanistic (humane) basis, which is the belief of not denying anyone the right to be who they are, and therefore love who they love. However, as a society, we must examine the facts, as well as ourselves, as we address the debate for marriage equality for the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender communityRead MoreLegalizing Same-Sex Marriage Essay1238 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone is aware of marriage. We have heard about it, gone to one, or even been in one. The idea of marriage is something tha t is bestowed upon us and something that we look forward to ever since we were children, but what about those who what to get married to the same sex. How is that possible? As you know, everything changes at some point or another, this includes marriage. That is why same-sex marriage should be legalized. It has come to a point where the idea or a â€Å"normal† marriage has to change inRead MoreSame Sex Marriage And Parenting999 Words   |  4 PagesSame-Sex Marriage and Parenting Same-sex marriage and same-sex parenting are comparatively new controversial topics in today’s world and its â€Å"mainstream† morality. I was not exposed to any homosexual â€Å"lifestyle† while growing up. While I know that I am firmly traditional in my theological views, nevertheless, I firmly believe that traditional marriage and traditional parenting are devotional commitments between a man and a woman. Therefore, same-sex marriage and same-sex parenting are to me, issues

Orientalism in M. Butterfly - 1278 Words

She is petite, submissive, and great in bed, the greatest combination for the perfect woman. Yellow fever is the psychological inclination towards Asian woman that has been expressed by a portion of the male population. This stereotype is a part of orientalism that continues to be discussed amongst today’s society; it is deemed odd or labeled as a fetish. M. Butterfly a Tony Award playwright written by David Henry Hwang consists of ideas related to orientalism through the layers developed in gender identity, global politics and art forms. The play begins in the present 1988 with Rene Gallimard sitting in a Paris prison. Gallimard declares himself as a celebrity, and relishes that his â€Å"fame has spread to Amsterdam,†¦show more content†¦Butterfly does not reflect the complications between the U.S. and China, but certainly depicts secret intelligence being traded among the Chinese from an outlier source, French diplomat Rene Gallimard, who did not realize this dece ption from his â€Å"Perfect Woman†, Song Liling. Before the full context of M. Butterfly can be explored, it is important to establish the oriental stereotype that is expressed in the play. â€Å"Oriental women have long been fetishized into a stereotype; they are depicted as submissive and passive, and are silenced by the double pressure from race and sex†, â€Å"Oriental woman, as Said (1979) states in Orientalism, is usually viewed ―with sexist blinders and serves as ―the creatures of a male power-fantasy† and â€Å"Asians as a whole are considered to be inferior and emasculated, easy targets for exploitations and dominance. Asian woman, always caged and subordinate both in the patriarchic society and in the Oriental rhetoric tradition, are natural subjects for the White‘s desire† (Weilin). This stereotype is still regarded in todays’ society. According to Prof. Dr. Opfermann and Prof. Dr. Wippermann from Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, their thesis Orientalism in Contemporary Asian American Literature - Mounting Madame Butterfly on the Asian American Needle implies that David Henry Hwang had two objectives in mind â€Å"†¦ (1) NegatingShow MoreRelatedButterfly : A Romantic Drama Directed By David Cronenberg1515 Words   |  7 Pages M. Butterfly is a romantic drama directed by David Cronenberg in 1993. This screenplay was based on the written by David Henry Hwang on his play with the same name. Jeremy Irons and John Lone presented as the main characters of this film. The time shown in this film is from 1958, before the outbreak of the Vietnam War; across the Chinese Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) until 1986, which situated in Beijing, China and Paris. Rene Gallimard as Jeremy Irons, is a diplomat at the French Embassy inRead MoreAnalysis Of Orientalism In Rice Or Song Of Orientalism1000 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the submissive, the superior form the inferior, and the human from the other human. Orientalism is â€Å"a Western style for dominating, reconstructing, and having authority over the Orient† (Said, 3). An Orient does not choose to be oriental, someone else defines and reinforces the stereotypes that come with being oriental. Notes from a Divided Country, M. Butterfly, and The Vagrants all have traces of orientalism and through these three pieces of literature, they expand on the idea of how the labelRead MoreRacism, Sexism, and Sexuality in M. Butterfly1149 Words   |  5 Pagesseveral points that have already been previously stated. The stereotypes mentioned in M. Butterfly are direct representations of the stereotypes mentioned in the theory. Though M. Butterfly is a major piece that has been directly known for its examples, other shows are known for such examples as well. â€Å"The highly profitable reincarnation of different version of the Butterfly story, from David Belasco’s Madame Butterfly to Alain Boublil and Claude-Michel Schonberg’s Miss Saigon (1989), might well embodyRead MoreAnalysis Of David Henry Hwangs M Butterfly1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn David Henry Hwang’s M. Butterfly exemplifies three keywords that have such a greater meaning: race, gender, and orientalism. â€Å"Race is a social construction†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Hwang) Junaid Rana starts her definition of race by stating it is a social construction, which in itself is mind boggling, because it is true. Race was not an issue when it came down to deciding Ozawa V. United States in 1922 or Thind V. United States in 1923. Rana then goes on to say â€Å"...In which biology and culture are often conflatedRead MoreThe Oriental And Gender Stereotype1230 Words   |  5 Pagesindy Coronado March 2, 15 HILD 7B A10923676 TA: Josh Newton 1:00-1:50 The Oriental and Gender Stereotype M.Butterfly, an opera by David Huang, is recognized as a reexamination of John Luther Long’s Madame Butterfly. During the beginning of the 20th century, Asian and Asian Americans were often perceived to a collective stereotype. Well-defined differences between the American Westerner and the Oriental are undermined in both of these readings as â€Å"the west† is seen as the more masculine region andRead MoreRacism, Sexism, and Sexuality Shown Through M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang1782 Words   |  8 Pagescomparing them to a woman, or just simply calling their race feminine. The show M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang is able to express different issues regarding the theory of Orientalism by hiding it amongst several conversations between characters. The play can be seen as highly political because of topics it chooses to discuss despite the fact that the lead character is a diplomat. Though somewhat unrelated; M. Butterfly can even have a certain Brecht-esque quality to it. Because it contains severalRead MoreViolence As A Cleansing Force Essay1686 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence in decolonization: French colonialism is a war force; it has to be beaten by force. No diplomacy, no political genius, no skill can cope with it (Toward the African Revolution 97). The Vietnam War pervades David Henry Hwang s M. Butterfly. It deals with the international politics related to the Vietnam conflicts. In other words, the Vietnam conflicts function as the thematic pivot of the play. Hwang got the motif for the play from a real story reported by The New York Times in whichRead MoreAnalysis Of The Butterfly By David Henry Hwang1929 Words   |  8 PagesLove in M. Butterfly, by David Henry Hwang, is a fantasy. Fantasy, as defined by Teresa De Lauretis, is a â€Å"primary psychic activity, a creative activity that animates the imagination and produces imaginary scenes or scenarios in which the subject is protagonist†(4). Rene Gallimard and his wife Helga are the primary protagonists in their fantasies of love. Gallimard is a French diplomat who gives into his love for the Chinese opera singer, Song Liling. The relationships in this play exemplify a kindRead MoreASAM 5 Notes Essay6590 Words   |  27 Pagesviews these realities as constru cted and thus amenable to acts of revision-including those that transcend ethnic borders to take humanity as their subject.          Lecture 14 Thursday, February 27, 2014 9:28 AM    David H.... Hwang Madame Butterfly On DHH Born in 1957 to Chinese American immigrants in LA Educated at Standford University and the Yale School of Drama Early plays all deal with the immigrant struggle to assimilate and forge a new identity and community The next two playsRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHistory of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer

Islam A Monotheistic Religion - 1505 Words

Modern Challenges Paper Islam is a monotheistic religion taking into account disclosures got by the prophet Muhammad in the seventh century A.D., which were later recorded in the Quran (or Koran), Islam s consecrated content. Islam has spread quickly during the time and today the religion is, by a few estimations, the biggest on the planet. Devotees of Islam are called Muslims. The Arabic word Islam signifies accommodation, mirroring the confidence s focal precept of submitting to Allah. Islamic practices are compressed by the Five Pillars of Islam: confidence, supplication to God, fasting, journey and aid (The Religion of Muhammad, 2015). Common Characteristics that Islam shares with other Religions Most religions incorporate faith in the extraordinary (spirits, divine beings, God) or confidence in some other Ultimate Reality past, yet joined with, human experience and presence. Religions of the West, Judaism, Christianity and Islam experience some normal qualities or attributes that recognize them from different religions in this world.1) faith in one god, confidence in direct history, and faith in a hallowed scripture (the book).These regular peculiarities tie the three conventions of the West together. They impart numerous comparative thoughts. Among those imparted are: One god made the universe and alongside it the start of time and that one god will end the universe. Every human has a spirit and at the demise of the body the spirit should separate from the bodyShow MoreRelatedIslam, A Monotheistic Religion1290 Words   |  6 Pages Islam, a monotheistic religion, means submitting one’s will to Allah’s will. When Allah created the Universe, He did not invite a nyone to challenge His creation. Allah has a purpose for everything He creates, therefore He does not need to explain what He does to His creation. Allah has sent messengers to convey to the human kind what is legal and illegal for them. He gave His creation different abilities; however, He has given humans the ability to obey or disobey Him. Among the messengers thatRead MoreIslam Is A Monotheistic Religion2152 Words   |  9 Pages Islam is a monotheistic religion that is based on the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as â€Å"an expression of surrender to the will of Allah (God), the creator and sustainer of the world† (qtd. in â€Å"Islam†). In order to fully understand the religion, one must understand the history, the beliefs, and the followers of Islam. Islam is known as the most misunderstood religion in the world due to events that have occurred since the development of the religion and some of the actions of people whoRead MoreIslam : A Monotheistic Re ligion Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesIslam is a monotheistic religion that was founded in Saudi Arabia during the seventh century AD. The belief stems from a man who lived from 570 AD to 632 known as Muhammad, he is known to be the last prophet of god to Muslims. In contrast to Christian beliefs, Jesus, like Muhammad, was a messenger for the word of God, who is better known as â€Å"Allah†. In comparison with both Christianity and Judaism, Islam takes prophets from both religions; Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, and apply it to theirRead MoreIslam : A Monotheistic Religion1705 Words   |  7 Pages Islam is a monotheistic religion that is based on the belief and worship of Allah (swt) and that Muhammad is his messenger. Islam is also the word that comes from the root word (salma) which means peaceful submission to Allah (swt). In the religion of Islam there are five pillars: Shahada (the Muslim profession of faith), Salah (prayer), seam (fasting), zakat (charity), and hajj (pilgrimage). In Islam we are informed about many things about the day of judgment which is the fifth pillar of ImanRead MoreWhat Is Islam? : The Monotheistic Religions Of Islam2261 Words   |  10 PagesWhat Is Islam? The monotheistic religion of Islam was developed in the Arabian Peninsula in the seventh century by the prophet Muhammad. Followers of this religion are called Muslims. To become a Muslim one simply has to confess â€Å"There is no one but God; and Muhammad is the Prophet of Allah†. (Sardar, 2007, p. 1). This is called the shahadah and creates the basis of the religion. God or Allah, is said to have sent messages through the angel Gabriel which were spoken to Muhammad in Arabic. TheseRead MoreIslam : An Abrahamic Monotheistic Religions1675 Words   |  7 PagesIslam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion that believes that there is only one god, Allah. Today, it is one of the fastest-growing major religions in the world with over 1.6 billion followers which makes up 23% of the population. The great religion had a modest beginning and preserved to spread and become the force that it is today. Most historians believe that Islam originated in Mecca and Medina in the beginning of the 7th century. The religion was first established by the prophet Muhammad whomRead MoreThe World Monotheistic Religions Of Islam, Christianity, And Judaism981 Words   |  4 Pages The third world monotheistic religions of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism, do share this imperative about loving God/Allah with all the mind, heart, soul, and strength, and love one’s neighbor as oneself, which do indeed run contrary to the adversarial processes of managing conflict in the American legal system. It is evident in a litigation situation in a courtroom or in a dispute resolution forum, may it be negotiation, mediation, or arbitration, the two parties locked in argument, debate, andRead MoreIslam, Heavenly Admission, A Monotheistic Religion Of Spiritual1990 Words   |  8 Pages Islam, heavenly admission is a monotheistic religion of spiritual fact, internal well-lit, of love, of human brotherhood and social fairness. Open to all races and all peoples without distinction, to men and women all countries and all ages, whatever the degree of their knowledge and the rank of their fortune. It implies faith in a unique and absolute God and the mission of His Messenger, Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which he chose for transmitting its message (Qur’an)Read MoreMonotheistic religions, especially Judaism, Christianity, and Islam promote the belief in One God;1600 Words   |  7 PagesMonotheistic religions, especially Judaism, Christianity, and Islam promote the belief in One God; all that exists is because of God. Through prophets and scripture, God portrays moral goodness and truth. Essentially, these three religions believe that God speaks to us, unveils God’s Being, and seeks to guide us through life. In turn, humans should embody the moral goodness and excellence that is revealed to us by God. These religions are taught based upon both scripture and reason. When readingRead MoreSimilarities of Judaism, Islam, and Chri stianity Essay986 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarities of Judaism, Islam and Christianity There are many religions today that people worship and adapt into their daily lives are their creed. Some may have a lot of gods, while some only have one god. But three of these religions are considered as the major religion practiced by most people in the world today. Although different in some senses in terms of history and other teachings, they all have things in common that most of their followers do not seem to realize. The similarities are

Why the Illegalization of Marijuana Was a Corrupt Decision Free Essays

Why the Illegalization of Marijuana was Corrupt For most of human history marijuana has been legal and has actually only been illegal for 1% of the period of time of which it has been in use. Many people assume that marijuana was made illegal through some kind of process involving scientific, medical, and government hearings, and that it was to protect the citizens from what was determined to be a dangerous drug. However, some of the actual reasons that marijuana was wrongly banned include racism, protection of corporate profits, and corrupt legislators along with illegitimate widespread fear among citizens of the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Why the Illegalization of Marijuana Was a Corrupt Decision or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout the 20th century racism towards Hispanics, Negroes, and even Mormons greatly influenced the negative outlook on the use of marijuana. In the early 1900’s, western states developed high tensions towards the increase of Mexican-Americans that took business from small American farmers because they worked for cheaper wages. One â€Å"difference† that many Americans highlighted during this time was the fact that many Mexicans smoked marijuana and brought the plant with them. However, one of the first state laws outlawing marijuana may have been influenced, not just by Mexicans using the drug, but because of Mormons using it. Mormons who traveled to Mexico in 1910 came back to Salt Lake City with marijuana. The church’s reaction to this may have contributed to the state’s marijuana law. In Texas, a senator said on the floor of the Senate: â€Å"All Mexicans are crazy, and this stuff (marijuana) is what makes them crazy. † In the eastern states racism was again one of the charges connected to marijuana. Some newspaper editorials in 1934 stated that: â€Å"Marijuana influences Negroes to look at white people in the eye, step on white men’s shoes and look at a white woman twice. During heavy tensions between whites and all minorities, racism made people fear anything that affected the social order, and as a result many people started to blindly connect marijuana to increases of inappropriate conduct between whites and minorities. Along with rising fears of social disorder, the protection of profits for some major corporations also contributed to the increasing belief that marijua na should be illegalized. Many people across the nation were already losing profits because of Prohibition and didn’t need something else to affect their businesses as well. William Randolf Hearst, the owner of a major newspaper company had many reasons to want marijuana to be banned. First, he had invested heavily in the timber industry to support his newspaper chain and didn’t want to see the development of hemp paper in competition. He also was extremely prejudiced towards Mexicans because he lost nearly 80,000 acres of timberland to Pancho Villa. As a result of this, he told lies about Mexicans and marijuana and how they were causing an increase in violence across the country. This yellow journalism enabled him to sell an extremely high amount of newspapers which made him very wealthy. In one column sold nationwide, Hearst stated: â€Å"Users of marijuana become stimulated as they inhale the drug and are likely to do anything. Most crimes of violence in this section, especially in country districts are laid to users of that drug. † Another corporation, Dupont chemical company, wanted to help Hearst outlaw marijuana for two main reasons. For one, Dupont had patented nylon and wanted hemp removed as competition. Also, people could grow hemp themselves and would therefore not have to buy medication from Dupont and other pharmaceutical companies. These companies fearing marijuana competition led to many results, one being the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. A man named Harry J. Anslinger was an extremely ambitious man and saw the Bureau of Narcotics (a new government agency) as an excellent career opportunity. His main goal was to bring the illegalization of marijuana to the federal level. After two years of planning, Anslinger brought his plan before Congress where the only opposition was from Dr. William C. Woodward who argued that Harry Anslinger and the Bureau of Narcotics were distorting earlier AMA statements that had nothing to do with marijuana and making them appear to be AMA endorsement for Anslinger’s view. Committee members then proceeded to attack Dr. Woodward, questioning his motives in opposing the legislation. After this yellow journalism won over medical science and the bill was passed on where on the floor of the House an American Medical Association committee member stated that the association supported the bill 100 percent. Thereafter, on the basis of that lie, on August 2, 1937, marijuana became illegal at the federal level. Roger Roffman, a professor of social work at the University of Washington, asserted in July 2009 that â€Å"approximately 3. 6 million Americans are daily or near daily users. † Peter Reuter, a professor at the School of Public Policy and the Department of Criminology at the University of Maryland, College Park, said that â€Å"experimenting with marijuana has long been a normal part of growing up in the U. S. ; about half of the population born since 1960 has tried the drug by age 21. A World Health Organization survey found that the United States is the world’s leading per capita marijuana consumer. The 2007 National Survey on Drug Use Health prepared by the U. S. Department of Human Health and Services indicates that over 100 million U. S. citizens over the age of 12 have used marijuana. The 2008 survey found that 35 million Americans were willing to tell governm ent representatives that they had used marijuana in the past year. In 2009, according to a Zogby poll and an ABC News/Washington Post poll, between 46% and 56% of US voters would support legalization. While many people support the fact that marijuana is illegal, they are uneducated in the history of the process to ban the drug. Even though it is proven to have negative effects, if taken in moderation, marijuana has been proven to be less harmful than alcohol. This shows that the large majority of the population does not realize that in the end, a narcotic was banned for reasons that only appealed to certain people, and that because of ignorant members of legislation, the bill was passed without truly being studied in depth. This was a stupid mistake by our federal government which was backed by people with personal issues without any direct relation to the drug marijuana. Works Cited * Guither, Pete. â€Å"Why is Marijuana Illegal? â€Å". drugwarrant. com. Retrieved 17 January 2011. * â€Å"Senate†. New York Times (New York City). February 15, 1860. * Gieringer, Dale H. (2006-06-17). â€Å"The Origins of Cannabis Prohibition in California† How to cite Why the Illegalization of Marijuana Was a Corrupt Decision, Essay examples

Why the Illegalization of Marijuana Was a Corrupt Decision Free Essays

Why the Illegalization of Marijuana was Corrupt For most of human history marijuana has been legal and has actually only been illegal for 1% of the period of time of which it has been in use. Many people assume that marijuana was made illegal through some kind of process involving scientific, medical, and government hearings, and that it was to protect the citizens from what was determined to be a dangerous drug. However, some of the actual reasons that marijuana was wrongly banned include racism, protection of corporate profits, and corrupt legislators along with illegitimate widespread fear among citizens of the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Why the Illegalization of Marijuana Was a Corrupt Decision or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout the 20th century racism towards Hispanics, Negroes, and even Mormons greatly influenced the negative outlook on the use of marijuana. In the early 1900’s, western states developed high tensions towards the increase of Mexican-Americans that took business from small American farmers because they worked for cheaper wages. One â€Å"difference† that many Americans highlighted during this time was the fact that many Mexicans smoked marijuana and brought the plant with them. However, one of the first state laws outlawing marijuana may have been influenced, not just by Mexicans using the drug, but because of Mormons using it. Mormons who traveled to Mexico in 1910 came back to Salt Lake City with marijuana. The church’s reaction to this may have contributed to the state’s marijuana law. In Texas, a senator said on the floor of the Senate: â€Å"All Mexicans are crazy, and this stuff (marijuana) is what makes them crazy. † In the eastern states racism was again one of the charges connected to marijuana. Some newspaper editorials in 1934 stated that: â€Å"Marijuana influences Negroes to look at white people in the eye, step on white men’s shoes and look at a white woman twice. During heavy tensions between whites and all minorities, racism made people fear anything that affected the social order, and as a result many people started to blindly connect marijuana to increases of inappropriate conduct between whites and minorities. Along with rising fears of social disorder, the protection of profits for some major corporations also contributed to the increasing belief that marijua na should be illegalized. Many people across the nation were already losing profits because of Prohibition and didn’t need something else to affect their businesses as well. William Randolf Hearst, the owner of a major newspaper company had many reasons to want marijuana to be banned. First, he had invested heavily in the timber industry to support his newspaper chain and didn’t want to see the development of hemp paper in competition. He also was extremely prejudiced towards Mexicans because he lost nearly 80,000 acres of timberland to Pancho Villa. As a result of this, he told lies about Mexicans and marijuana and how they were causing an increase in violence across the country. This yellow journalism enabled him to sell an extremely high amount of newspapers which made him very wealthy. In one column sold nationwide, Hearst stated: â€Å"Users of marijuana become stimulated as they inhale the drug and are likely to do anything. Most crimes of violence in this section, especially in country districts are laid to users of that drug. † Another corporation, Dupont chemical company, wanted to help Hearst outlaw marijuana for two main reasons. For one, Dupont had patented nylon and wanted hemp removed as competition. Also, people could grow hemp themselves and would therefore not have to buy medication from Dupont and other pharmaceutical companies. These companies fearing marijuana competition led to many results, one being the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. A man named Harry J. Anslinger was an extremely ambitious man and saw the Bureau of Narcotics (a new government agency) as an excellent career opportunity. His main goal was to bring the illegalization of marijuana to the federal level. After two years of planning, Anslinger brought his plan before Congress where the only opposition was from Dr. William C. Woodward who argued that Harry Anslinger and the Bureau of Narcotics were distorting earlier AMA statements that had nothing to do with marijuana and making them appear to be AMA endorsement for Anslinger’s view. Committee members then proceeded to attack Dr. Woodward, questioning his motives in opposing the legislation. After this yellow journalism won over medical science and the bill was passed on where on the floor of the House an American Medical Association committee member stated that the association supported the bill 100 percent. Thereafter, on the basis of that lie, on August 2, 1937, marijuana became illegal at the federal level. Roger Roffman, a professor of social work at the University of Washington, asserted in July 2009 that â€Å"approximately 3. 6 million Americans are daily or near daily users. † Peter Reuter, a professor at the School of Public Policy and the Department of Criminology at the University of Maryland, College Park, said that â€Å"experimenting with marijuana has long been a normal part of growing up in the U. S. ; about half of the population born since 1960 has tried the drug by age 21. A World Health Organization survey found that the United States is the world’s leading per capita marijuana consumer. The 2007 National Survey on Drug Use Health prepared by the U. S. Department of Human Health and Services indicates that over 100 million U. S. citizens over the age of 12 have used marijuana. The 2008 survey found that 35 million Americans were willing to tell governm ent representatives that they had used marijuana in the past year. In 2009, according to a Zogby poll and an ABC News/Washington Post poll, between 46% and 56% of US voters would support legalization. While many people support the fact that marijuana is illegal, they are uneducated in the history of the process to ban the drug. Even though it is proven to have negative effects, if taken in moderation, marijuana has been proven to be less harmful than alcohol. This shows that the large majority of the population does not realize that in the end, a narcotic was banned for reasons that only appealed to certain people, and that because of ignorant members of legislation, the bill was passed without truly being studied in depth. This was a stupid mistake by our federal government which was backed by people with personal issues without any direct relation to the drug marijuana. Works Cited * Guither, Pete. â€Å"Why is Marijuana Illegal? â€Å". drugwarrant. com. Retrieved 17 January 2011. * â€Å"Senate†. New York Times (New York City). February 15, 1860. * Gieringer, Dale H. (2006-06-17). â€Å"The Origins of Cannabis Prohibition in California† How to cite Why the Illegalization of Marijuana Was a Corrupt Decision, Essay examples

Cfa Study Outlines free essay sample

CFA Curriculum/Blue box examples/EOC problems Month 5: Schweser Slides=gt;Take practice exam (8X) BOOT CAMP strongly recommended (Creighton University provides an exceptional LIII Boot Camp—Marc Lefebvre teaches the course and has put together an impressive strategic outline) Question Format Morning: Essay ? Focus on writing key words (study previous actual CFA exam answers and learn what these key words are—just remember that the CFA guideline answers are also considered â€Å"perfect† so don’t think you must include everything stated) ? The morning essay questions are the least correlated with questions from the actual CFA curriculum; therefore, it is absolutely necessary to study past actual CFA Level III exams and familiarize yourself with how they’ll ask questions—you’ll be surprised at how well you may know the material but not quite understand what the questions are asking for Afternoon: Item Set Multiple Choice ? READ THE QUESTION FIRST! 90% of all questions asked follow the item set chronologically (first portion of item set relates to 1st question, 2nd portion relates to 2nd question, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Cfa Study Outlines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page First paragraph is usually an introduction that can be skipped to save time) Special emphasis on essay format (master your timing—Individual Investor IPS/Return Calculation should take lt; 10 min). DO NOT rely on year to year correlations in question types—expect ANYTHING to be tested Prior exams are published and are a necessary resource CFA Practice Exam only includes the afternoon item set section; you must take Schweser practice tests/actual prior CFA Level III exams to incorporate the morning session One of your top goals should be to finish the morning session; many candidates have failed due to the inability to finish—you’ll be surprised at how many extra points you can earn just for taking educated guesses CFA Level III exam is by far the most difficult although the material is a breeze. Therefore, you must conceptualize the material rather than rely on pure memorization. Special Note: For Level I candidates, place special emphasis on ethics and portfolio management concepts. An in-depth understanding of both saves time from LII and LIII down the road. Memorize Code Standards and read ALL ethics examples! Portfolio management concepts such as portfolio standard deviation and portfolio variance are recurring concepts that are extremely important for LIII. Taken Directly from the CFA Institute Website

Understanding Company Law

Question: Discuss about the Understanding Company Law Australian legal system. Answer: Prepare a consultative report In this case, Xiaojing, Lance and Nick want to work together for operating their herbal product business. For running the business, they have decided to explore the unincorporated business structures, particularly if partnership and a joint venture. Generally, people are confused regarding a partnership and a joint venture. They do not know if a difference is present between these two. The result is that sometimes these two terms are used interchangeably. Also on the face of it, these two terms may appear to be the same but the fact is that certain differences are present between the two. Even if it is difficult to differentiate partnership and a joint venture, however, there are certain key differences present between them. It also needs to be mentioned at this point that under the common law, the term joint venture does not have a certain meaning in Australia. The result is that there is no precisely a definition of a joint venture. However there are certain characteristics on the basis of which it can be said that a particular agreement is a joint venture (United Dominion Corporation Ltd v Brian, 1985). A joint venture can be described as an agreement that has been concluded between two or more individuals or legal entities, where the parties have decided to work together for the achievement of the same strategic goal. But at the same time, maintaining a separate business entities. In this case, each of the party will be liable for the debts that have been incurred by such a party in the project and, generally, at the end of the project, they will divide the profit between themselves (Pentony, Graw, Lennard Parker, 2009). Typically there is a return to joint venture agreement, which governs the relationship between the parties. There are several long-term and short-term projects, for which the parties may decide to enter a joint venture. Some of the examples of the joint ventures include property development, publishing agreements, mining syndicates and research and development agreements. A joint venture provides certain advantages to the parties, regardless of the size of the business. This is due to the reason that the following types of arrangements can allow the growth of the business without the need for seeking outside investment or borrowing money, the expansion of the business, developing new products and services, gaining access to additional resources like specialist staff or technology, and in this case, there is only a temporary commitment towards each other. Therefore, if a joint venture has been structured properly, it can prove to be highly profitable. They can be used by the parties to collaborate on short-term projects and also for strengthening the long-term projects (Lipton, Herzberg and Welsh, 2016). However there are certain disadvantages associated with the joint ventures. These disadvantages include the difficulty in finding the right people and creating a trusting and strong relationship. Similarly, it is important that the objective, terms and goals of the venture are clearly understood by the parties so that there is no conflict between the business partners. In some cases, the business partners may not commit to the project to the level that is required for the success of the joint venture. A joint venture is governed by the terms of the agreement. At the same time, the provisions of contract law and common law are also applicable to a joint venture. On the other hand, if a separate legal entity has been incorporated for this purpose, it will be the one by the Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth). In comparison, a partnership can be described as an ongoing relationship between the parties. Generally, the number of partners is limited to 20. However, as against the company, a partnership is not a separate legal entity. Therefore each partner can be held liable for the actions of the other partners (Harris, Hargovan and Adams, 2015). This can be described as a major difference that is present between a joint venture and a partnership, as in this case the partners are jointly and severally liable for the activities of the other partners. Therefore, in case of a partnership, a partner can be held responsible for the debts of the partnership, in case the partners are not in a position to pay. Similarly, another difference that exists between a partnership and the joint venture is that the joint venture does not manage an ongoing relationship, and generally in this case it has a definitive end. On the other hand, a partnership is an ongoing relationship. The legislation that is appl icable in case of a partnership is the Partnership Act. A partnership agreement provides certain benefits to the parties. These benefits include the easy establishment of a partnership and lower startup cost. A partnership provides a chance to split the income of the business. Whenever required, the business structure can be changed quickly. In case of a partnership, less external regulations applicable as compared to a company. Similarly, the business affairs of a partnership are private (Vermeesch and Lindgren, 2005). But at the same time, the business structure of a partnership also has some disadvantages. In case of a partnership, each partner is considered as being jointly and severally responsible for the debts of the business. Similarly, each partner can be held liable regarding the actions of the other partners. The profits of the business have to be shared with the other partners and other major disadvantage. In case of a partnership is of unlimited liability. On the basis of the above-mentioned discussion, it can be said that the business structure of a partnership will be more appropriate for Xiaojing, Lance and Nick. The reason is that in case of a partnership, there is an ongoing relationship between the parties. On the other hand, a joint venture has a pre-decided date when it comes to an end. As in this case, the parties are going to operate a horrible product business, it will be appropriate for them to create a partnership. References Harris, J. Hargovan, A. Adams, M. (2015) Australian Corporate Law LexisNexis Butterworths 5th edition Lipton P, Herzberg A and Welsh, M, (2016) Understanding Company Law, 18th edition Thomson Reuters. Pentony, Graw, Lennard Parker, (2009) Understanding Business Law 3rd ed Butterworths Vermeesch, R B, Lindgren, K E, (2005) Business Law of Australia Butterworths, 11th Edition Case Law United Dominion Corporation Ltd v Brian (1985) 157 CLR 1 Legislation Corporations Act, 2001